What is the super capacitor? Super capacitors and batteries What is the difference?

Supercapacitor is an electrochemical principle the electrical element, and it is through the polarization energy storage accomplished electrolyte. Although it referred to as an electrochemical device, but in fact it is no chemical reaction occurs in the working and storage processes. Because of the unilateral discharge energy, it can not only opposite discharge unlike when a conventional battery ultracapacitor energy storage process is reversible. So the normal super capacitor charging and discharging usually very long (or even hundreds of thousands). Supercapacitor principle we can understand that it is suspended by the two non-reactive composition in the porous electrode the electrolyte plate, when the current reaches the multi-plate, negative ions attract the positive electrode plate and the negative plate to attract positive ions. Eventually forming between them a capacitive storage layer, so as to achieve the purpose of storing electricity. Yin set the following Xiaobian to introduce in detail What is a super capacitor? Super capacitors and batteries What is the difference? Classification super capacitor, characteristics, main parameters, function, application, Notice . With a look! Category supercapacitor First, according to the principle according to the principle into double layer supercapacitors and supercapacitors Pseudocapacitance: 1, electric double layer supercapacitor (1) activated carbon electrode material, using activated carbon of high specific surface area material prepared through the forming electrode. (2) carbon fiber electrode material, activated carbon fiber forming material, such as cloth, felt, and the like have been enhanced, the molten metal spraying or enhance its conductive electrode preparation. (3) a carbon airgel electrode material, use of preparative gel precursor material, obtained through carbonization electrode activation material. (4) The electrode material of carbon nanotubes, carbon nanotubes with excellent electrical conductivity and performance in the hole, using high specific surface area of ​​the carbon nanotube material can be prepared very good super-capacitor electrode. The above electrode material may be made: (1) Super capacitor plate, in the use of the system in the button-shaped plate and a disc-shaped electrode, There is also a multi-layer laminate Econd Products typical series combination of a high pressure super capacitors, can reach more than the operating voltage of 300V. (2) wound type solvents capacitor using the electrode material is coated on the current collector, obtained through winding, such a capacitor generally has a larger capacity and a higher power density. 2, pseudocapacitive supercapacitor electrode comprising a metal oxidePolymeric material to an electrode material, comprising a metal oxide NiOx, MnO2, V2O5 or the like as a positive electrode material, activated carbon supercapacitor was prepared as a negative electrode material, a conductive polymer material comprises PPY, PTH, PAni, PAS, PFPT other by P-type or N type or P / N type doped preparing electrodes, thereby preparing a supercapacitor. This type of supercapacitor has a very high energy density, in addition to NiOx type, other types of multi-stage in the research, industrial production has not been achieved. Second, according to the type of electrolyte can be divided into Type-aqueous electrolyte and the organic electrolyte: an aqueous electrolyte (1) an acidic electrolyte, the use of 36% H2SO4 aqueous solution as an electrolyte. (2) an alkaline electrolyte, usually KOH, NaOH and the like alkali as the electrolyte, water as a solvent. (3) neutral electrolyte, usually KCl, NaCl and other salts as an electrolyte, water as a solvent, the electrolytic solution used for the manganese oxide electrode material. 2, the organic electrolyte is usually LiClO4 typified by a lithium salt, TEABF4 as a typical representative of quaternary ammonium salts as an electrolyte, an organic solvent such as PC, ACN, GBL, THL an organic solvent such as a solvent, the electrolyte close to saturation solubility in the solvent. Third, the other one, super liquid electrolyte capacitors, super capacitor electrolyte are most liquid. 2, the solid electrolyte supercapacitor, with the development of a solid electrolyte lithium ion batteries, supercapacitors applied to the electrolyte PEO also a gel electrolyte and a solid electrolyte such research. The supercapacitor characteristics 1, a high power density. Up to 102 ~ 104 W / kg, much higher than the power density of the battery level. 2, long cycle life. After a few seconds at high depth of discharge cycle 500,000 to 1 million, there is little change characteristics of the supercapacitor, the capacity and the internal resistance decreased by only 10% to 20%. 3, wide operating temperature limit. Since the speed of adsorption and desorption of ions ultracapacitor little change at low temperatures, so it is much smaller than the battery capacity change. Commercial supercapacitors operating temperature range up to -40 ℃ ~ + 80 ℃. 4, maintenance-free. High super capacitor charge-discharge efficiency, and overcharge of a certain over-discharge capacity can be stably repeatedly charged and discharged, it is theoretically notThe need for maintenance. 5, green. Super capacitors are not used in the production process of heavy metals and other hazardous chemicals, and their service life is longer, so it is a new type of green power. The main parameters of the supercapacitor 1 life: increasing the internal resistance of the supercapacitor, the capacity decrease j within a predetermined range of parameters, it is possible to extend the effective use of time, the general features of saying 4 under the relevant article. Effect of dry active life, increased resistance, the power storage capacity decreased to 63.2% referred to the end of life. 2, voltage: recommendation ultracapacitor has a voltage and a lifetime optimum operating voltage If a voltage higher than the recommended voltage, the capacitor is shortened, but the long-term continuous operation of the capacitor can be the high pressure state, the interior of the capacitor forming gas decomposition activated carbon favorable storage power, but can not exceed the recommended voltage of 1.3 times, otherwise it will be damaged due to the ultra-high voltage supercapacitors. 3, temperature: normal operating temperature of the supercapacitor is -40 ~ 70 ℃. Temperature and voltage is an important factor affecting the life of the supercapacitor. Temperature is increased by 5 ℃, the lifetime of the capacitor 10 percent. At low temperatures, increase the operating voltage of the capacitor, the capacitor internal resistance does not increase, can improve the efficiency of the capacitor. 4, discharge: the pulse charging technique, the capacitor internal resistance is an important factor; small current discharge, the capacity is an important factor. 5, charging: charging the capacitor has a variety of ways, such as constant current charging, constant voltage charging, pulse charging. In the charging process, a series resistor capacitor circuit, the charging current is reduced to improve battery life. The main function of the supercapacitor Specific functions are as follows: 1, the bypass. Bypass capacitor supercapacitors can store electrical energy periodically, but other components when energy is required in operation, the electric charge is released to maintain timely use. The maximum function of the bypass capacitor charge regulator performance of the equalizer output and avoid the confusion caused by the charge transfer circuit fault, the charging means, the flexibility of the strong discharge, FIG. 2: Application of supercapacitor supercapacitors may collect energy in a small space mounting solution in combination. They are used as the auxiliary power supply when peak output, you can reduce the size and improve the overall performance of the power supply. The following areSome possible applications of supercapacitors: 1, power failure backup memory, and data storage: The super capacitor can be integrated into consumer electronics, IT equipment, and a communication system, in order to protect memory contents. Related applications are internal backup power supply. Supercapacitors as short term backup power or battery replacement. 2, the electric vehicle: an electric vehicle is limited charge / discharge cycle, effects such as low power density and high temperature dependency of the charging time of the extension limit. Supercapacitor overcomes these limitations, although they have lower cost and higher energy density. A combination of storage devices may be the preferred solution. Increased acceleration and super capacitors and high power devices to meet steep or effort related to peak load requirements. Furthermore, supercapacitors can be used for regenerative braking system ICfans. 3, renewable energy can be applied: solar photovoltaic applications, it is necessary to replace the battery every 3-7 years, because they are easy to wear. The use of super capacitors can eliminate the need for frequent maintenance and replacement. Moreover, energy efficiency is a key aspect of renewable energy production mode, super capacitor exhibits a higher charging efficiency than the battery. The network is set Yin small as we explain in the What is a super capacitor? Super capacitors and batteries What is the difference? Classification super capacitor, characteristics, main parameters, function, application, Notice . Hope this knowledge can help to you! With the rapid growth of population and the rapid development of society, increasing resource consumption, the energy crisis is imminent, so look for clean and efficient new energy and energy storage technologies and devices have become a research topic of concern. Compared with conventional capacitors, supercapacitors have a capacitance greater than, higher energy density, a longer service life, compared with the lithium ion battery, super capacitor and having a higher power density, longer life and environmental protection and other advantages. Therefore, the super capacitor energy storage device occupies in the field of the future absolute advantage, with a wide range of applications in many fields, ultracapacitors currently graphene-based research has become a hot topic in the field of energy storage.